African Elephant
There are two types of the African Elephant (Loxodonta africana); the African bush elephant, which is the world's largest living land animal, and the smaller African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) that lives in the rainforests of central and western Africa. The African bush elephant is a social animal and like its cousin, the Asian Elephant, it forms a group called a herd, a parade, or a memory consisting of related female elephants and their young.
The leader of the elephant herd is always the eldest and largest female. Male elephants leave their groups at puberty, driven away by older females, to go and join a group of other young males. Males compete to mate, and usually these contests are settled by pushing and aggressive displays, but sometimes fighting leads bigger to fatal injuries.
The African forest elephant also forms a large group, but is also able to maintain contact with other elephants in the dense jungle by producing deep, rumbling calls.
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